How a Pediatric Dentistry Deals with Tooth Decay

Pediatric dentistry focuses on oral health prevention and treatment for toddlers, early childhood, and adolescents. Tooth decay is a more common oral health concern that pediatric dentists treat. This review looks closely at how a pediatric dentist can treat (and help prevent) tooth decay.

Tooth decay overview (from pediatric dentistry)

Children are highly vulnerable to cavities on primary teeth. Therefore, the primary goal of pediatric dentistry is to prevent tooth decay through good oral hygiene, smart dietary choices (i.e., limiting sugar), and routine cleanings. However, if and when cavities do occur, pediatric dentists can treat them in a minimally invasive manner.

Tooth decay defined

Tooth decay refers to the weakening and erosion of enamel (the outermost and visible layer of teeth). Tooth decay usually occurs due to acidic attacks on teeth caused by combining bacteria and biomolecules such as carbohydrates. The most common symptoms of tooth decay are:

• Tooth discoloration
• Dark spots
• Tooth sensitivity
• Tooth pain

Tooth holes, known as cavities, form once decay becomes more severe. This is a relatively slow process, but erosion is irreversible once cavities occur. Subsequently, early detection and prevention are imperative.

Diagnostics

Diagnostic tests can help determine cavities or teeth at high risk of decay. Diagnostics primarily include an oral examination and dental X-rays. Both are non-invasive. These preliminary tests can also help assess the overall oral health of your child, determine if orthodontic care is needed (or may be needed in the future), and more.

Treatment for minor tooth decay

In the early stages of tooth decay, the enamel weakens. Weak enamel can lead to discoloration and minor sensitivity. Often, minor decay is reversible. Subsequently, it is treated differently and with less invasive treatments and procedures. The recommended early-stage tooth decay treatments often include fluoride to remineralize the tooth (or teeth) and dental cleaning.

Treatment for severe tooth decay

As mentioned, once the tooth enamel erodes, restorative treatment is necessary as enamel cannot grow back. A dental filling is the most common and popular form of tooth decay treatment. In most cases, this involves a tooth-colored material (either amalgam or ceramic). In addition, pediatric dentists may recommend a baby root canal or a tooth extraction for more severe decay.

Tooth decay prevention

As discussed, the primary focus of pediatric dentists is on preventing tooth decay and other oral health concerns. Preventive procedures such as dental sealants can help reduce the risk of cavities in vulnerable areas of teeth. Educational services to help children maintain a quality oral care routine between visits can also help prevent tooth decay.